History
Ancient civilizations، Especially the Sumerians, the Assyrians and the Babylonians، About four thousand five hundred years ago in the land of Mesopotamia) Current Iraqi Place) With some oil from the bitter lake، They were familiar. They used bitumen as a non-penetrating material.
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The Romans and the Greeks used bitumen to make the bodies ineffective، It was also used for lighting and heating.
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With the development of drilling technology in the mid-nineteenth century and the technology of distillation and refining of oil in the late nineteenth century and its use in nonfuel cases، A surprise jump has arisen. As today’s petrochemical industry has a fundamental and fundamental role in meeting the general needs of society.
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The establishment of the petrochemical industry in Iran is 50 years old and dates back to the 1930s.
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At the end of this decade, the Ministry of Economy, in order to expand the petrochemical industry in the country, established a chemical company in the country, and in 1337 the company launched a plan to construct a Ferdows plant in Marvdasht-Fars.
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But since the growth of this industry required more extensive specialized activities in line with the oil and gas industry, the need for an organization to develop and lead the petrochemical industry soon became evident. Therefore, in 1342, the National Petrochemical Industries Corporation, which was owned by the government and covered by the National Iranian Oil Company, was established and all activities related to the establishment and development of petrochemical industries were concentrated in this company.
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General information of petrochemical industry
The chemical industry has been one of the most important industries in recent decades.
Special attention has been paid to this industry and has led to its development in the world. Currently, the chemical industry is considered the third largest industry in the world after the food and automation industry.
Iran, as the world’s fourth largest oil producer and having the world’s second largest gas reserves, supplies 80 percent of its oil and gas export earnings, and hopes to hold 14 percent of the global petrochemical market by the end of the decade, and the capacity to produce petrochemical products Increase to 23 million tons a year.
A wide range of consumer products, raw materials, industrial products is from petrochemicals, which is classified according to ISIC codes mainly in codes 2320, 2411, 2412 and 2421.
Another feature of this industry is the diversification of its products and the provision of raw materials for thousands of workshops and downstream companies that have a very influential role in the economy of the country in terms of job creation and earning foreign exchange earnings and disconnecting them.
The production of petrochemical products is such that usually a major unit in the upper hand produces the primary material of other units, such as the olefin unit, which supplies polyethylene and propylene units with ethylene and propylene production. In the oil-affiliated industries, as far as products close to the consumer market are concerned, we face more and less costly employment opportunities.